Block #261,612

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/15/2013, 10:56:06 PM · Difficulty 9.9715 · 6,548,957 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
6cdbf0ef0094cd97ace9269fd4c72f6161963f5141bc6352d8649fcf3a2273ab

Height

#261,612

Difficulty

9.971454

Transactions

12

Size

4.09 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f8b13b

Nonce

5,557

Timestamp

11/15/2013, 10:56:06 PM

Confirmations

6,548,957

Merkle Root

93d39ba5c1ad65831860c9b8925e58889e99de1e5a9a7ba2d7ebbc395ee9c630
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.307 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13076409486783549580…07435813371872502721
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.307 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13076409486783549580…07435813371872502721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.615 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
26152818973567099160…14871626743745005441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
5.230 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
52305637947134198320…29743253487490010881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.046 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10461127589426839664…59486506974980021761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.092 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
20922255178853679328…18973013949960043521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.184 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
41844510357707358656…37946027899920087041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
8.368 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
83689020715414717313…75892055799840174081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.673 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
16737804143082943462…51784111599680348161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.347 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
33475608286165886925…03568223199360696321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
6.695 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
66951216572331773850…07136446398721392641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,728,643 XPM·at block #6,810,568 · updates every 60s
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