Block #261,486

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/15/2013, 7:00:56 PM · Difficulty 9.9721 · 6,530,514 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
a78ca92c24167a46f02dd5d41837f779f91fb9a5315e02a036b2190f69a4b59c

Height

#261,486

Difficulty

9.972068

Transactions

2

Size

604 B

Version

2

Bits

09f8d973

Nonce

23,577

Timestamp

11/15/2013, 7:00:56 PM

Confirmations

6,530,514

Merkle Root

5fa192e199c328ab8397f6cb8d8e1ad70e9d28bee95ed8bbc6183e60a438c97f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.871 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
48715985101145869367…90658984843520208161
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.871 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
48715985101145869367…90658984843520208161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.743 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
97431970202291738735…81317969687040416321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.948 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
19486394040458347747…62635939374080832641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.897 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
38972788080916695494…25271878748161665281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.794 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
77945576161833390988…50543757496323330561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.558 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15589115232366678197…01087514992646661121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.117 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
31178230464733356395…02175029985293322241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.235 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
62356460929466712790…04350059970586644481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.247 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12471292185893342558…08700119941173288961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,579,956 XPM·at block #6,791,999 · updates every 60s
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