Block #260,356

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 11/14/2013, 5:41:28 AM · Difficulty 9.9776 · 6,547,093 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
dd2e8ca8c929cd53a0794d3c5cb74cca9e797f101ceab507de64d68003132387

Height

#260,356

Difficulty

9.977559

Transactions

11

Size

6.12 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fa4150

Nonce

384,908

Timestamp

11/14/2013, 5:41:28 AM

Confirmations

6,547,093

Merkle Root

c76f9861291c6c9720270962fe877312dcb2c9a0c04f9af134aa37099236b7e9
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.293 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
72935184876094951666…90501589655273013599
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.293 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
72935184876094951666…90501589655273013599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.293 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
72935184876094951666…90501589655273013601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.458 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
14587036975218990333…81003179310546027199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.458 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
14587036975218990333…81003179310546027201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.917 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
29174073950437980666…62006358621092054399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.917 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
29174073950437980666…62006358621092054401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.834 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
58348147900875961333…24012717242184108799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.834 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
58348147900875961333…24012717242184108801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.166 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11669629580175192266…48025434484368217599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.166 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11669629580175192266…48025434484368217601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,703,614 XPM·at block #6,807,448 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.

Cookie Preferences

We use cookies to enhance your experience. Some are essential for the site to function, while others help us understand how you use the site.

·Privacy Policy