Block #258,946

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/13/2013, 8:41:23 AM · Difficulty 9.9768 · 6,546,059 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
37d7821e25635e5782dc93c1e06b12470df0649c067e32fee01fa55c4bbdb844

Height

#258,946

Difficulty

9.976833

Transactions

21

Size

8.37 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fa11bd

Nonce

337,930

Timestamp

11/13/2013, 8:41:23 AM

Confirmations

6,546,059

Merkle Root

b2768b490f37837dbcb17629968296302cd98a3362fe65793e24a9747bd88599
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.505 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
95054211578501189608…40647448869373373441
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
9.505 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
95054211578501189608…40647448869373373441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.901 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
19010842315700237921…81294897738746746881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.802 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
38021684631400475843…62589795477493493761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.604 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
76043369262800951686…25179590954986987521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.520 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15208673852560190337…50359181909973975041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.041 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
30417347705120380674…00718363819947950081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.083 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
60834695410240761349…01436727639895900161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.216 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12166939082048152269…02873455279791800321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.433 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24333878164096304539…05746910559583600641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.866 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
48667756328192609079…11493821119167201281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,684,108 XPM·at block #6,805,004 · updates every 60s
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