Block #257,483

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/12/2013, 11:25:38 AM · Difficulty 9.9759 · 6,558,668 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
16045d10b0758f1474dc8a4786d5e5ce15ffe3b8cec1bc2128774e02a6075cf1

Height

#257,483

Difficulty

9.975922

Transactions

1

Size

1.31 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f9d607

Nonce

41,197

Timestamp

11/12/2013, 11:25:38 AM

Confirmations

6,558,668

Merkle Root

b9fc613e463555462a1020088002bccc14e5d95ebf0f2939ebcdc9c9861526bb
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.230 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
72301526394053722507…56746971887856517121
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
7.230 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
72301526394053722507…56746971887856517121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.446 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
14460305278810744501…13493943775713034241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.892 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
28920610557621489002…26987887551426068481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.784 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
57841221115242978005…53975775102852136961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.156 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
11568244223048595601…07951550205704273921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.313 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
23136488446097191202…15903100411408547841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.627 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
46272976892194382404…31806200822817095681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
9.254 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
92545953784388764809…63612401645634191361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.850 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
18509190756877752961…27224803291268382721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,773,329 XPM·at block #6,816,150 · updates every 60s
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