Block #256,540

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/11/2013, 10:45:31 PM · Difficulty 9.9750 · 6,546,050 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
fb68abdbb882ba5c438a4ba3a09d12102c893b5c0194792332dfc09f1ab8fe27

Height

#256,540

Difficulty

9.974975

Transactions

2

Size

1.72 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f997ee

Nonce

49,423

Timestamp

11/11/2013, 10:45:31 PM

Confirmations

6,546,050

Merkle Root

c14e4fd4b6b3a281f36281c6fdfefbf62c5cbc164de985cd4c7b9c9da9ad4dd8
Transactions (2)
1 in → 1 out10.0600 XPM109 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.982 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19823206178378275788…74298378005719742811
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.982 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19823206178378275788…74298378005719742811
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.964 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
39646412356756551577…48596756011439485621
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.929 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
79292824713513103154…97193512022878971241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.585 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
15858564942702620630…94387024045757942481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.171 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
31717129885405241261…88774048091515884961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.343 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
63434259770810482523…77548096183031769921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.268 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12686851954162096504…55096192366063539841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.537 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
25373703908324193009…10192384732127079681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.074 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
50747407816648386019…20384769464254159361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,664,738 XPM·at block #6,802,589 · updates every 60s
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