Block #256,323

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/11/2013, 6:27:43 PM · Difficulty 9.9752 · 6,552,297 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
31d2c722ac465fe3c5ec9821e6142b725f93e99f5ce2217f47701d252f64cdea

Height

#256,323

Difficulty

9.975187

Transactions

4

Size

1.06 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f9a5d9

Nonce

50,525

Timestamp

11/11/2013, 6:27:43 PM

Confirmations

6,552,297

Merkle Root

09b5050abb8bbe3e39ddb8eece274a67c4ac5a281c960fd8052b19984f40dd2b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.258 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
42584567620505526506…19781208849319348201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.258 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
42584567620505526506…19781208849319348201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
8.516 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
85169135241011053012…39562417698638696401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.703 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
17033827048202210602…79124835397277392801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.406 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
34067654096404421204…58249670794554785601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
6.813 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
68135308192808842409…16499341589109571201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.362 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13627061638561768481…32998683178219142401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.725 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
27254123277123536963…65997366356438284801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.450 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
54508246554247073927…31994732712876569601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.090 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10901649310849414785…63989465425753139201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,713,010 XPM·at block #6,808,619 · updates every 60s
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