Block #2,552,973

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 3/7/2018, 4:04:18 AM · Difficulty 10.9899 · 4,291,555 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
98711c066384634d3c7a7873c226855431c7f5f6f787796044765d8e227bb9fc

Height

#2,552,973

Difficulty

10.989941

Transactions

63

Size

16.62 KB

Version

2

Bits

0afd6ccd

Nonce

163,370,505

Timestamp

3/7/2018, 4:04:18 AM

Confirmations

4,291,555

Merkle Root

c396964afcb61482551e6d6207567133200131194f0b4362d37d2670b5215e63
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.384 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
23849887174523783928…25499801172406435839
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.384 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
23849887174523783928…25499801172406435839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.384 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
23849887174523783928…25499801172406435841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.769 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
47699774349047567857…50999602344812871679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.769 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
47699774349047567857…50999602344812871681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
9.539 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
95399548698095135714…01999204689625743359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
9.539 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
95399548698095135714…01999204689625743361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.907 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19079909739619027142…03998409379251486719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.907 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19079909739619027142…03998409379251486721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.815 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
38159819479238054285…07996818758502973439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.815 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
38159819479238054285…07996818758502973441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:58,000,624 XPM·at block #6,844,527 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.
Privacy Policy·

Cookie Preferences

We use cookies to enhance your experience. Some are essential for the site to function, while others help us understand how you use the site.

·Privacy Policy