Block #255,228

TWNLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 11/11/2013, 4:03:37 AM · Difficulty 9.9740 · 6,554,982 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
cc514428b68306ea116cb6a9d0cc38ef47ea4ba77bc31d3c153d9ef6fb489e05

Height

#255,228

Difficulty

9.973978

Transactions

12

Size

4.02 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f9569c

Nonce

708

Timestamp

11/11/2013, 4:03:37 AM

Confirmations

6,554,982

Merkle Root

67d03d872d0d27ec617b7056cd8b1b52adc3de56ed31776d6cb06e923dc3c677
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.079 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
50799948426595919980…59342784069630075399
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.079 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
50799948426595919980…59342784069630075399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.079 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
50799948426595919980…59342784069630075401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.015 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10159989685319183996…18685568139260150799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.015 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10159989685319183996…18685568139260150801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.031 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
20319979370638367992…37371136278520301599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.031 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
20319979370638367992…37371136278520301601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.063 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
40639958741276735984…74742272557040603199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.063 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
40639958741276735984…74742272557040603201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
8.127 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
81279917482553471968…49484545114081206399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,725,754 XPM·at block #6,810,209 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.

Cookie Preferences

We use cookies to enhance your experience. Some are essential for the site to function, while others help us understand how you use the site.

·Privacy Policy