Block #252,397

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/9/2013, 1:21:31 PM · Difficulty 9.9711 · 6,552,963 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
cd0fe0d8e0d77d5061c6eb95c733858e626a85dfd037b7743cfe69aa007f16ed

Height

#252,397

Difficulty

9.971117

Transactions

4

Size

1.26 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f89b26

Nonce

12,818

Timestamp

11/9/2013, 1:21:31 PM

Confirmations

6,552,963

Merkle Root

8b3d873f47da32a32c5ef385da9cfdf957b3c0649e1f7c3b9ddc680859a547aa
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.067 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10675134483441139526…53154038584576850801
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.067 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10675134483441139526…53154038584576850801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.135 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
21350268966882279052…06308077169153701601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.270 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
42700537933764558105…12616154338307403201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.540 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
85401075867529116211…25232308676614806401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.708 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17080215173505823242…50464617353229612801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.416 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
34160430347011646484…00929234706459225601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.832 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
68320860694023292969…01858469412918451201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.366 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13664172138804658593…03716938825836902401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.732 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
27328344277609317187…07433877651673804801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
5.465 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
54656688555218634375…14867755303347609601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,686,953 XPM·at block #6,805,359 · updates every 60s
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