Block #252,043

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/9/2013, 8:53:06 AM · Difficulty 9.9706 · 6,560,763 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
c4d267e037820a5136730d01fc61313fd48906e3de4595346979b997151baf2e

Height

#252,043

Difficulty

9.970619

Transactions

5

Size

1.26 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f87a7f

Nonce

53,496

Timestamp

11/9/2013, 8:53:06 AM

Confirmations

6,560,763

Merkle Root

547c4ecd572b3b5aa7f243d93a668651345da760a05f1bca0afe4175011e6bd2
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.628 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16288257077783425514…77838880942768840321
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.628 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16288257077783425514…77838880942768840321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.257 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
32576514155566851029…55677761885537680641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.515 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
65153028311133702059…11355523771075361281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.303 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13030605662226740411…22711047542150722561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.606 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
26061211324453480823…45422095084301445121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.212 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
52122422648906961647…90844190168602890241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.042 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10424484529781392329…81688380337205780481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.084 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20848969059562784658…63376760674411560961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.169 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
41697938119125569317…26753521348823121921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
8.339 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
83395876238251138635…53507042697646243841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,746,492 XPM·at block #6,812,805 · updates every 60s
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