Block #2,478,058

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 1/18/2018, 1:11:56 AM · Difficulty 10.9653 · 4,361,796 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
34877f55760f3a321572cceab8724288a5dafd219a82a232471ccf4e30685623

Height

#2,478,058

Difficulty

10.965293

Transactions

55

Size

14.15 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af71d76

Nonce

146,931,160

Timestamp

1/18/2018, 1:11:56 AM

Confirmations

4,361,796

Merkle Root

1c22e0e9c6a1176268ad8cde19df60b37b816f11c2d7b2bd84bcaf25ce25f764
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.818 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
28183454626942914042…70429037303170319361
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.818 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
28183454626942914042…70429037303170319361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.636 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
56366909253885828084…40858074606340638721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.127 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
11273381850777165616…81716149212681277441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.254 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
22546763701554331233…63432298425362554881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.509 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
45093527403108662467…26864596850725109761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.018 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
90187054806217324934…53729193701450219521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.803 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
18037410961243464986…07458387402900439041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.607 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
36074821922486929973…14916774805800878081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.214 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
72149643844973859947…29833549611601756161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.442 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
14429928768994771989…59667099223203512321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
2.885 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
28859857537989543979…19334198446407024641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,963,131 XPM·at block #6,839,853 · updates every 60s
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