Block #245,852

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/5/2013, 5:44:50 PM · Difficulty 9.9642 · 6,562,280 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
b708faa13c0a9f439f11dfa9968c187f56a1f5b0be1c86c977ed05ec9e22225a

Height

#245,852

Difficulty

9.964159

Transactions

2

Size

870 B

Version

2

Bits

09f6d319

Nonce

89,773

Timestamp

11/5/2013, 5:44:50 PM

Confirmations

6,562,280

Merkle Root

a96092243777ef00784afa13318635d10d39058df59f546062d9bf6b575ec26d
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.524 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15240471550612129589…22522139828606093001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.524 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15240471550612129589…22522139828606093001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.048 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
30480943101224259179…45044279657212186001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.096 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
60961886202448518358…90088559314424372001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.219 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12192377240489703671…80177118628848744001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.438 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24384754480979407343…60354237257697488001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.876 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
48769508961958814687…20708474515394976001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
9.753 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
97539017923917629374…41416949030789952001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.950 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
19507803584783525874…82833898061579904001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.901 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
39015607169567051749…65667796123159808001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,709,097 XPM·at block #6,808,131 · updates every 60s
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