Block #245,779

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/5/2013, 4:44:37 PM · Difficulty 9.9641 · 6,562,569 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
70e8d3bfdbe0a505e729f3acb4c29acec96afc736c6a6d89222bf5197a5ae551

Height

#245,779

Difficulty

9.964064

Transactions

1

Size

1.91 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f6ccee

Nonce

75,455

Timestamp

11/5/2013, 4:44:37 PM

Confirmations

6,562,569

Merkle Root

565fdc124fa6b434b2d9bacec6b346b5cf56ebdbf1c57a7ca0bec202bff6b7f3
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.190 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
21905307556995253577…89062819456957303801
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.190 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
21905307556995253577…89062819456957303801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.381 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
43810615113990507154…78125638913914607601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.762 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
87621230227981014308…56251277827829215201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.752 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
17524246045596202861…12502555655658430401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.504 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
35048492091192405723…25005111311316860801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.009 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
70096984182384811446…50010222622633721601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.401 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
14019396836476962289…00020445245267443201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.803 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
28038793672953924578…00040890490534886401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.607 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
56077587345907849157…00081780981069772801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,710,842 XPM·at block #6,808,347 · updates every 60s
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