Block #243,838

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/4/2013, 12:44:41 PM · Difficulty 9.9621 · 6,562,330 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
890a128dc2c6dbcb5c174cdf0759445ad8246db4587c83660ba78f57ecbd1dda

Height

#243,838

Difficulty

9.962082

Transactions

4

Size

3.86 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f64afa

Nonce

30,775

Timestamp

11/4/2013, 12:44:41 PM

Confirmations

6,562,330

Merkle Root

16419eaf63d2bc604d89f82daa7962ce8752a07d8ff52aa46d60edac7b1253bf
Transactions (4)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.350 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13507554931910070756…63965595670008320001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.350 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13507554931910070756…63965595670008320001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.701 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
27015109863820141513…27931191340016640001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
5.403 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
54030219727640283027…55862382680033280001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.080 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10806043945528056605…11724765360066560001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.161 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
21612087891056113210…23449530720133120001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.322 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
43224175782112226421…46899061440266240001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
8.644 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
86448351564224452843…93798122880532480001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.728 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17289670312844890568…87596245761064960001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.457 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
34579340625689781137…75192491522129920001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,693,426 XPM·at block #6,806,167 · updates every 60s
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