Block #237,942

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/1/2013, 7:39:27 AM · Difficulty 9.9509 · 6,571,303 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
e1b54d380027f0003c0165b1975339d16b24e933e1aa9b0a5b0df8b4c728372f

Height

#237,942

Difficulty

9.950880

Transactions

3

Size

1.00 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f36cde

Nonce

13,132

Timestamp

11/1/2013, 7:39:27 AM

Confirmations

6,571,303

Merkle Root

3f6b6d82c7f47ab9e4594f6199e0de8ed1858c4dbebc37ec3cd94e87909fe15e
Transactions (3)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.475 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
64753609533421271244…32987634565055276001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.475 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
64753609533421271244…32987634565055276001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.295 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12950721906684254248…65975269130110552001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.590 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
25901443813368508497…31950538260221104001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.180 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
51802887626737016995…63901076520442208001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.036 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10360577525347403399…27802153040884416001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.072 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
20721155050694806798…55604306081768832001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.144 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
41442310101389613596…11208612163537664001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
8.288 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
82884620202779227192…22417224327075328001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.657 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
16576924040555845438…44834448654150656001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.315 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
33153848081111690876…89668897308301312001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,718,025 XPM·at block #6,809,244 · updates every 60s
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