Block #236,955

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/31/2013, 6:41:45 PM · Difficulty 9.9488 · 6,566,317 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
baf8f7c6851fba4b727995dd8186807c40dd8c626a8a323d98925dcf06405661

Height

#236,955

Difficulty

9.948813

Transactions

1

Size

1.88 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f2e56b

Nonce

176,875

Timestamp

10/31/2013, 6:41:45 PM

Confirmations

6,566,317

Merkle Root

50e6db0dd3ae69ce4c7888d5ce1bc51845efe67cd2139c01327ac905348223ba
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.632 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
16322812712211271526…84114764848107417601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.632 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
16322812712211271526…84114764848107417601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.264 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
32645625424422543052…68229529696214835201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.529 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
65291250848845086104…36459059392429670401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.305 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
13058250169769017220…72918118784859340801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.611 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
26116500339538034441…45836237569718681601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.223 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
52233000679076068883…91672475139437363201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.044 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10446600135815213776…83344950278874726401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.089 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
20893200271630427553…66689900557749452801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.178 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
41786400543260855106…33379801115498905601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,670,209 XPM·at block #6,803,271 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.