Block #235,822

1CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 10/31/2013, 4:08:52 AM · Difficulty 9.9460 · 6,560,337 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
3330dd89dc69d1b6c262472d638d1536614a7863a877b634b4aaa4ce418315ad

Height

#235,822

Difficulty

9.946047

Transactions

9

Size

2.54 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f2301b

Nonce

71,928

Timestamp

10/31/2013, 4:08:52 AM

Confirmations

6,560,337

Merkle Root

98374794ce2e8a500c3028d39e4acbb66a7068be3e12a159ef04d9415942b0fc
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.811 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
18114381841344610696…50254150862269409799
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
1.811 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
18114381841344610696…50254150862269409799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
3.622 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
36228763682689221392…00508301724538819599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
7.245 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
72457527365378442784…01016603449077639199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
1.449 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
14491505473075688556…02033206898155278399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
2.898 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
28983010946151377113…04066413796310556799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
5.796 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
57966021892302754227…08132827592621113599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
1.159 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
11593204378460550845…16265655185242227199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
2.318 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
23186408756921101690…32531310370484454399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
4.637 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
46372817513842203381…65062620740968908799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,613,268 XPM·at block #6,796,158 · updates every 60s
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