Block #235,260

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/30/2013, 7:53:51 PM · Difficulty 9.9453 · 6,561,140 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
7b926fa6d1daad0ac0260fd6b80836cf9af7844326df2ee90848d983a5846035

Height

#235,260

Difficulty

9.945301

Transactions

1

Size

1.84 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f1ff3d

Nonce

48,303

Timestamp

10/30/2013, 7:53:51 PM

Confirmations

6,561,140

Merkle Root

14dd6c0e812fecfeed7df034a19343645321162cd98462c6e1660ecebf841fd6
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.116 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
31167003773505116482…63762819915650252801
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.116 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
31167003773505116482…63762819915650252801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.233 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
62334007547010232964…27525639831300505601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.246 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
12466801509402046592…55051279662601011201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.493 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
24933603018804093185…10102559325202022401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.986 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
49867206037608186371…20205118650404044801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.973 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
99734412075216372743…40410237300808089601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.994 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19946882415043274548…80820474601616179201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.989 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
39893764830086549097…61640949203232358401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.978 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
79787529660173098194…23281898406464716801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,615,196 XPM·at block #6,796,399 · updates every 60s
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