Block #230,916

1CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 10/28/2013, 2:51:45 AM · Difficulty 9.9401 · 6,565,035 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
e80c7a9c8dc188924794086d986c88539ff02b76b16232f82421d9963afc89a0

Height

#230,916

Difficulty

9.940073

Transactions

11

Size

2.62 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f0a89d

Nonce

30,771

Timestamp

10/28/2013, 2:51:45 AM

Confirmations

6,565,035

Merkle Root

cb3ab00b456b3a92a7b634ddd5ce347135d9652d654bb9ed4a8af2566ced4fac
Transactions (11)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.319 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
23192176654704505946…28959912632174748159
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
2.319 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
23192176654704505946…28959912632174748159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
4.638 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
46384353309409011893…57919825264349496319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
9.276 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
92768706618818023787…15839650528698992639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
1.855 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
18553741323763604757…31679301057397985279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
3.710 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
37107482647527209515…63358602114795970559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
7.421 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
74214965295054419030…26717204229591941119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
1.484 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
14842993059010883806…53434408459183882239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
2.968 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
29685986118021767612…06868816918367764479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
5.937 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
59371972236043535224…13737633836735528959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,611,697 XPM·at block #6,795,950 · updates every 60s
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