Block #2,280,451

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/3/2017, 8:44:12 AM · Difficulty 10.9559 · 4,559,857 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
f9c778b1e246c714e71ab0e6ea0abad61b14df546626286a9cbe09ad215fd324

Height

#2,280,451

Difficulty

10.955932

Transactions

8

Size

5.46 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af4b7f6

Nonce

424,703,758

Timestamp

9/3/2017, 8:44:12 AM

Confirmations

4,559,857

Merkle Root

85b98c3c8c3611399e7f4302bb3e5d40dd916e2e379433047f08547a59bd33d2
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.444 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
64442867504019781554…66189022315767078401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.444 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
64442867504019781554…66189022315767078401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.288 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12888573500803956310…32378044631534156801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.577 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25777147001607912621…64756089263068313601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.155 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
51554294003215825243…29512178526136627201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.031 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10310858800643165048…59024357052273254401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.062 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
20621717601286330097…18048714104546508801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.124 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
41243435202572660194…36097428209093017601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
8.248 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
82486870405145320389…72194856418186035201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.649 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
16497374081029064077…44389712836372070401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.299 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
32994748162058128155…88779425672744140801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,966,782 XPM·at block #6,840,307 · updates every 60s
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