Block #226,620

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/25/2013, 8:44:24 AM · Difficulty 9.9358 · 6,582,048 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
67e962e5640560d6a23914060d44584faec21e6bccabd7022a584fb5ffc9baca

Height

#226,620

Difficulty

9.935839

Transactions

2

Size

574 B

Version

2

Bits

09ef931d

Nonce

28,154

Timestamp

10/25/2013, 8:44:24 AM

Confirmations

6,582,048

Merkle Root

30f4f4337396719f866549e0b9c675155edd8ece903c90c9afd538cbd0de1c32
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.966 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
29668315879784029754…93274845111751205121
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.966 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
29668315879784029754…93274845111751205121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.933 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
59336631759568059508…86549690223502410241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.186 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
11867326351913611901…73099380447004820481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.373 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
23734652703827223803…46198760894009640961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.746 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
47469305407654447606…92397521788019281921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.493 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
94938610815308895213…84795043576038563841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.898 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
18987722163061779042…69590087152077127681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.797 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
37975444326123558085…39180174304154255361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.595 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
75950888652247116170…78360348608308510721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,713,389 XPM·at block #6,808,667 · updates every 60s
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