Block #224,604

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/23/2013, 9:35:12 PM · Difficulty 9.9370 · 6,574,708 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
5d0bf19f0be045d7453f9fb922803a965c816e63fd4953fdef04fed86e57b619

Height

#224,604

Difficulty

9.936962

Transactions

6

Size

1.66 KB

Version

2

Bits

09efdcbf

Nonce

106,113

Timestamp

10/23/2013, 9:35:12 PM

Confirmations

6,574,708

Merkle Root

bc54bd48de21a51b5604c18f620ea0ce1b7b5f42d558073ae3359b76fdd44e8b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.578 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
85786049836537319284…84536844266002409051
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.578 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
85786049836537319284…84536844266002409051
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.715 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
17157209967307463856…69073688532004818101
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.431 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
34314419934614927713…38147377064009636201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.862 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
68628839869229855427…76294754128019272401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.372 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
13725767973845971085…52589508256038544801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.745 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
27451535947691942170…05179016512077089601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.490 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
54903071895383884341…10358033024154179201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.098 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10980614379076776868…20716066048308358401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.196 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21961228758153553736…41432132096616716801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.392 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
43922457516307107473…82864264193233433601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,638,543 XPM·at block #6,799,311 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.