Block #222,207

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/22/2013, 1:34:56 AM · Difficulty 9.9398 · 6,587,241 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
b38d4b3216966038b230ec35b49ae72e4ecb07c2d2d3ff87eb7f1e358cd5bd5b

Height

#222,207

Difficulty

9.939819

Transactions

1

Size

1.15 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f097f6

Nonce

2,479

Timestamp

10/22/2013, 1:34:56 AM

Confirmations

6,587,241

Merkle Root

bec2a96c214759d8471ee5f52ea3d2fca0df322be67f0306de282a3fdb85b1ad
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.679 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
26792501602040563476…73563828540769057281
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.679 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
26792501602040563476…73563828540769057281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.358 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
53585003204081126952…47127657081538114561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.071 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10717000640816225390…94255314163076229121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.143 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
21434001281632450780…88510628326152458241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.286 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
42868002563264901561…77021256652304916481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.573 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
85736005126529803123…54042513304609832961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.714 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17147201025305960624…08085026609219665921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.429 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
34294402050611921249…16170053218439331841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.858 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
68588804101223842499…32340106436878663681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.371 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
13717760820244768499…64680212873757327361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,719,655 XPM·at block #6,809,447 · updates every 60s
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