Block #2,216,299

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/21/2017, 1:40:06 PM · Difficulty 10.9431 · 4,627,561 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
d6c7d7e1b87d8381056389051cf5032206883ce8d3bfe51127ca9156d8f35e46

Height

#2,216,299

Difficulty

10.943124

Transactions

3

Size

618 B

Version

2

Bits

0af1708b

Nonce

355,595,952

Timestamp

7/21/2017, 1:40:06 PM

Confirmations

4,627,561

Merkle Root

5a5b34dccd78a9b8ffecd6adddde9661fffff078eadbaa580d23ac4257eb5798
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.619 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
16191098266719004558…93953065855773352481
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.619 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
16191098266719004558…93953065855773352481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.238 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
32382196533438009117…87906131711546704961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.476 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
64764393066876018234…75812263423093409921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.295 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12952878613375203646…51624526846186819841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.590 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
25905757226750407293…03249053692373639681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.181 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
51811514453500814587…06498107384747279361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.036 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10362302890700162917…12996214769494558721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.072 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
20724605781400325834…25992429538989117441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.144 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
41449211562800651669…51984859077978234881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
8.289 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
82898423125601303339…03969718155956469761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,995,248 XPM·at block #6,843,859 · updates every 60s
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