Block #218,827

1CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 10/20/2013, 4:04:59 AM · Difficulty 9.9313 · 6,599,105 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
9c3af73e1e0a7fc396beb955e3c1385e3d61e4f561cf3f1c759c2a3c755bb5b0

Height

#218,827

Difficulty

9.931326

Transactions

6

Size

4.33 KB

Version

2

Bits

09ee6b5b

Nonce

25,951

Timestamp

10/20/2013, 4:04:59 AM

Confirmations

6,599,105

Merkle Root

f0b514a4bba591ec506b40905b2a1e7b4cd329e68f97465626c9195edc75fb5f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.805 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
68050149635222686930…04500983424609683019
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
6.805 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
68050149635222686930…04500983424609683019
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
1.361 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
13610029927044537386…09001966849219366039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
2.722 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
27220059854089074772…18003933698438732079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
5.444 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
54440119708178149544…36007867396877464159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
1.088 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10888023941635629908…72015734793754928319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
2.177 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
21776047883271259817…44031469587509856639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
4.355 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
43552095766542519635…88062939175019713279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
8.710 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
87104191533085039270…76125878350039426559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
1.742 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
17420838306617007854…52251756700078853119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,787,523 XPM·at block #6,817,931 · updates every 60s
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