Block #218,440

1CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 10/19/2013, 10:34:56 PM · Difficulty 9.9305 · 6,589,514 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
9224e17079cf42cbb656c4802a7d863b30397fed5064640b238af1ad5d3d224b

Height

#218,440

Difficulty

9.930538

Transactions

4

Size

1.36 KB

Version

2

Bits

09ee37bf

Nonce

20,426

Timestamp

10/19/2013, 10:34:56 PM

Confirmations

6,589,514

Merkle Root

92f6cfe59c78ae17f03b48cf57bb88f0a6b39e491f22a57473a299f846ae30b4
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.346 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
83467961754930317741…20013237297727045179
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
8.346 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
83467961754930317741…20013237297727045179
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
1.669 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
16693592350986063548…40026474595454090359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
3.338 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
33387184701972127096…80052949190908180719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
6.677 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
66774369403944254192…60105898381816361439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
1.335 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
13354873880788850838…20211796763632722879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
2.670 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
26709747761577701677…40423593527265445759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
5.341 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
53419495523155403354…80847187054530891519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
1.068 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10683899104631080670…61694374109061783039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
2.136 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
21367798209262161341…23388748218123566079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,707,673 XPM·at block #6,807,953 · updates every 60s
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