Block #217,845

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/19/2013, 2:29:38 PM · Difficulty 9.9290 · 6,573,890 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
36295e1dab686291bef11c035c525d964c8b5ff140edd0fe0629d19375d21f0b

Height

#217,845

Difficulty

9.928986

Transactions

7

Size

26.07 KB

Version

2

Bits

09edd204

Nonce

21,620

Timestamp

10/19/2013, 2:29:38 PM

Confirmations

6,573,890

Merkle Root

ffeb880d862d8f0ba82bbb6186c6a1a35386348345fbffe6e8acc6b1d0871287
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.104 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
31047407703209595204…37465735056650214401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.104 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
31047407703209595204…37465735056650214401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.209 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
62094815406419190408…74931470113300428801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.241 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12418963081283838081…49862940226600857601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.483 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
24837926162567676163…99725880453201715201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.967 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
49675852325135352326…99451760906403430401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.935 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
99351704650270704653…98903521812806860801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.987 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19870340930054140930…97807043625613721601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.974 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
39740681860108281861…95614087251227443201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.948 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
79481363720216563722…91228174502454886401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,577,830 XPM·at block #6,791,734 · updates every 60s
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