Block #217,620

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/19/2013, 11:35:01 AM · Difficulty 9.9282 · 6,591,537 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
4c91ce15b578c2b145a175807a0977ec8153df88be2e13a00469df4c0e52776d

Height

#217,620

Difficulty

9.928237

Transactions

2

Size

1.90 KB

Version

2

Bits

09eda0ee

Nonce

90,833

Timestamp

10/19/2013, 11:35:01 AM

Confirmations

6,591,537

Merkle Root

02b9e02b9ac57de669d232e9f3bd1e2624439c0b004ae5edf6e7c2274b07572a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.671 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
46715800733475098782…22225114884003443201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.671 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
46715800733475098782…22225114884003443201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.343 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
93431601466950197565…44450229768006886401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.868 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18686320293390039513…88900459536013772801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.737 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
37372640586780079026…77800919072027545601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.474 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
74745281173560158052…55601838144055091201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.494 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14949056234712031610…11203676288110182401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.989 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
29898112469424063221…22407352576220364801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.979 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
59796224938848126442…44814705152440729601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.195 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11959244987769625288…89629410304881459201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,717,317 XPM·at block #6,809,156 · updates every 60s
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