Block #217,587

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/19/2013, 11:05:34 AM · Difficulty 9.9282 · 6,572,450 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
fb009fb0895a88480d92c16aed7f33f8a513209a37d1fb9a8c858d744ec7085b

Height

#217,587

Difficulty

9.928178

Transactions

3

Size

3.49 KB

Version

2

Bits

09ed9d10

Nonce

5,341

Timestamp

10/19/2013, 11:05:34 AM

Confirmations

6,572,450

Merkle Root

d44c4520d058319fc8cca9b4406c653e8eebf06717fa39b4d1f173fa1907b963
Transactions (3)
1 in → 1 out10.1800 XPM109 B
1 in → 1 out10.0014 XPM191 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.405 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
34051283450403332782…38705681704828130401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.405 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
34051283450403332782…38705681704828130401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.810 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
68102566900806665564…77411363409656260801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.362 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
13620513380161333112…54822726819312521601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.724 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
27241026760322666225…09645453638625043201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.448 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
54482053520645332451…19290907277250086401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.089 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
10896410704129066490…38581814554500172801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.179 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
21792821408258132980…77163629109000345601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.358 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
43585642816516265961…54327258218000691201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
8.717 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
87171285633032531922…08654516436001382401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.743 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
17434257126606506384…17309032872002764801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,564,277 XPM·at block #6,790,036 · updates every 60s