Block #2,165,941

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 6/18/2017, 12:50:30 PM · Difficulty 10.8985 · 4,665,353 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
00a2350669604a0b3d9eb3d20339598387f1240efe50a3b9ebfbd5866b4ff525

Height

#2,165,941

Difficulty

10.898518

Transactions

3

Size

1.32 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ae60544

Nonce

135,710,788

Timestamp

6/18/2017, 12:50:30 PM

Confirmations

4,665,353

Merkle Root

bc7f172e4a7861c97f05e2e794b603d23e818d29771cc523dcc49c9102a07a9d
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.608 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
66088741708564513503…77831407622967664641
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.608 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
66088741708564513503…77831407622967664641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.321 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13217748341712902700…55662815245935329281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.643 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
26435496683425805401…11325630491870658561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.287 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
52870993366851610802…22651260983741317121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.057 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10574198673370322160…45302521967482634241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.114 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
21148397346740644321…90605043934965268481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.229 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
42296794693481288642…81210087869930536961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
8.459 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
84593589386962577284…62420175739861073921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.691 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
16918717877392515456…24840351479722147841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.383 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
33837435754785030913…49680702959444295681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
6.767 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
67674871509570061827…99361405918888591361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,894,499 XPM·at block #6,831,293 · updates every 60s
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