Block #2,163,927

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 6/17/2017, 2:34:00 AM · Difficulty 10.8993 · 4,645,255 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
4bddaff532e3af8e07117e5f40a8b58b3edaf28fd38efec01b2ccb868b877232

Height

#2,163,927

Difficulty

10.899315

Transactions

2

Size

6.33 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ae63987

Nonce

34,898,715

Timestamp

6/17/2017, 2:34:00 AM

Confirmations

4,645,255

Merkle Root

a6c04e6031e604577f317dcee01d73108766dd1c276a0d62343803b8155e271f
Transactions (2)
1 in → 1 out8.4700 XPM110 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.238 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22384326569641288623…20405321406280248321
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.238 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22384326569641288623…20405321406280248321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.476 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
44768653139282577246…40810642812560496641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.953 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
89537306278565154492…81621285625120993281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.790 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
17907461255713030898…63242571250241986561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.581 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
35814922511426061797…26485142500483973121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.162 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
71629845022852123594…52970285000967946241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.432 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
14325969004570424718…05940570001935892481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.865 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
28651938009140849437…11881140003871784961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.730 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
57303876018281698875…23762280007743569921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.146 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
11460775203656339775…47524560015487139841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,717,520 XPM·at block #6,809,181 · updates every 60s
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