Block #215,720

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/18/2013, 6:57:51 AM · Difficulty 9.9255 · 6,588,315 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
ebcd094c5195e920802508d563d3ee6468ec3a234f3982dbe66793eb94595ae2

Height

#215,720

Difficulty

9.925495

Transactions

1

Size

4.67 KB

Version

2

Bits

09eced3d

Nonce

418,956

Timestamp

10/18/2013, 6:57:51 AM

Confirmations

6,588,315

Merkle Root

11947a00a63c99b8d09fa096a6c4040551686ab08c6b0c0e6d963e1a659b688d
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.751 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17513393315635187445…58736122855217049601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.751 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17513393315635187445…58736122855217049601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.502 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
35026786631270374890…17472245710434099201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.005 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
70053573262540749780…34944491420868198401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.401 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14010714652508149956…69888982841736396801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.802 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
28021429305016299912…39777965683472793601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.604 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
56042858610032599824…79555931366945587201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.120 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11208571722006519964…59111862733891174401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.241 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
22417143444013039929…18223725467782348801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.483 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
44834286888026079859…36447450935564697601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,676,332 XPM·at block #6,804,034 · updates every 60s
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