Block #215,659

1CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 10/18/2013, 6:00:54 AM · Difficulty 9.9254 · 6,576,328 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
e424448f6a13244f3097456d1b2f6c83e4200a23047aa5ad0b6bcb30393a7073

Height

#215,659

Difficulty

9.925372

Transactions

4

Size

1.26 KB

Version

2

Bits

09ece52e

Nonce

29,152

Timestamp

10/18/2013, 6:00:54 AM

Confirmations

6,576,328

Merkle Root

54fe3a4915b5ae9f9a3f402c0f01c630bf2cbc3f78de9767c7be6b67004e31ee
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.970 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
99701712967791655755…04413225389071743999
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
9.970 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
99701712967791655755…04413225389071743999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
1.994 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19940342593558331151…08826450778143487999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
3.988 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
39880685187116662302…17652901556286975999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
7.976 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
79761370374233324604…35305803112573951999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
1.595 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
15952274074846664920…70611606225147903999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
3.190 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
31904548149693329841…41223212450295807999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
6.380 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
63809096299386659683…82446424900591615999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
1.276 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12761819259877331936…64892849801183231999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
2.552 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
25523638519754663873…29785699602366463999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,579,850 XPM·at block #6,791,986 · updates every 60s
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