Block #215,472

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/18/2013, 2:45:57 AM · Difficulty 9.9255 · 6,594,428 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
0b47fb52ebc70ae361f23ef8b764f905c7baa6ece2c3d3116e28115789ffabe9

Height

#215,472

Difficulty

9.925538

Transactions

6

Size

2.71 KB

Version

2

Bits

09ecf00c

Nonce

134,252

Timestamp

10/18/2013, 2:45:57 AM

Confirmations

6,594,428

Merkle Root

46ff3efacbf19ed397ce240952848916ae772bd4fbcedf09ac214167e2918925
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.295 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
92953228812230088353…88714076960425531341
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
9.295 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
92953228812230088353…88714076960425531341
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.859 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
18590645762446017670…77428153920851062681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.718 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
37181291524892035341…54856307841702125361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.436 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
74362583049784070682…09712615683404250721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.487 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
14872516609956814136…19425231366808501441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.974 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
29745033219913628273…38850462733617002881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.949 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
59490066439827256546…77700925467234005761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.189 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
11898013287965451309…55401850934468011521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.379 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
23796026575930902618…10803701868936023041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,723,282 XPM·at block #6,809,899 · updates every 60s
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