Block #215,466

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/18/2013, 2:37:22 AM · Difficulty 9.9255 · 6,598,834 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
fc9b5efe0aa601fec8acce9a5223c049b3e0c6026052f562400b4c1b1cf46236

Height

#215,466

Difficulty

9.925545

Transactions

1

Size

4.76 KB

Version

2

Bits

09ecf080

Nonce

1,165,538,029

Timestamp

10/18/2013, 2:37:22 AM

Confirmations

6,598,834

Merkle Root

41c4845871f5e4682365f224519dce2f66479f3f0e956c7ca6bb9ddc8d4d3ad0
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.386 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
13867791875782130810…87572023670992934401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.386 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
13867791875782130810…87572023670992934401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.773 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
27735583751564261620…75144047341985868801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
5.547 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
55471167503128523241…50288094683971737601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.109 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
11094233500625704648…00576189367943475201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.218 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
22188467001251409296…01152378735886950401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.437 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
44376934002502818592…02304757471773900801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
8.875 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
88753868005005637185…04609514943547801601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.775 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
17750773601001127437…09219029887095603201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.550 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
35501547202002254874…18438059774191206401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,758,464 XPM·at block #6,814,299 · updates every 60s
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