Block #215,458

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/18/2013, 2:30:43 AM · Difficulty 9.9255 · 6,588,322 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
9b61be2357b7b3549b6b27a512652bf836b891da8b4f95c93e20d8663d8d80f8

Height

#215,458

Difficulty

9.925503

Transactions

5

Size

2.60 KB

Version

2

Bits

09ecedc6

Nonce

2,803

Timestamp

10/18/2013, 2:30:43 AM

Confirmations

6,588,322

Merkle Root

4b59beaade4bd1e6fe178aa67331dbf9dd3721be77a82feae917548599a6b348
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.026 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
30268606834823583887…90866381983407968201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.026 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
30268606834823583887…90866381983407968201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.053 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
60537213669647167775…81732763966815936401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.210 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12107442733929433555…63465527933631872801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.421 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
24214885467858867110…26931055867263745601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.842 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
48429770935717734220…53862111734527491201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.685 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
96859541871435468440…07724223469054982401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.937 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
19371908374287093688…15448446938109964801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.874 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
38743816748574187376…30896893876219929601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.748 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
77487633497148374752…61793787752439859201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.549 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15497526699429674950…23587575504879718401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,674,280 XPM·at block #6,803,779 · updates every 60s
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