Block #214,859

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/17/2013, 5:50:19 PM · Difficulty 9.9243 · 6,602,040 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
03873a62fe95ead59edf1e0b0b166d8fadd67a9207f9142c3d4c547a17b29501

Height

#214,859

Difficulty

9.924279

Transactions

1

Size

5.26 KB

Version

2

Bits

09ec9d89

Nonce

1,164,774,209

Timestamp

10/17/2013, 5:50:19 PM

Confirmations

6,602,040

Merkle Root

206bc85572131816f7c6d25aba4968f4ddef060f8100c6bfe66107c1035045c3
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.702 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
57025973388106678250…90855330685483144001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.702 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
57025973388106678250…90855330685483144001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.140 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11405194677621335650…81710661370966288001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.281 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22810389355242671300…63421322741932576001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.562 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
45620778710485342600…26842645483865152001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
9.124 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
91241557420970685200…53685290967730304001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.824 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18248311484194137040…07370581935460608001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.649 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
36496622968388274080…14741163870921216001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
7.299 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
72993245936776548160…29482327741842432001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.459 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14598649187355309632…58964655483684864001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,779,234 XPM·at block #6,816,898 · updates every 60s
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