Block #211,847

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/15/2013, 10:27:37 PM · Difficulty 9.9178 · 6,582,608 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
f3e7f412232316524b02bb0a929324bea5c55178b4102da09cedfd5f2b33da40

Height

#211,847

Difficulty

9.917761

Transactions

2

Size

426 B

Version

2

Bits

09eaf266

Nonce

37,812

Timestamp

10/15/2013, 10:27:37 PM

Confirmations

6,582,608

Merkle Root

bcd21a0c3e7e630aa767a9b25a9a896e4aa1e5f4effd21570cc58c7c9ba799b2
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.931 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
79314870042448997329…68552950143450362321
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
7.931 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
79314870042448997329…68552950143450362321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.586 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
15862974008489799465…37105900286900724641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.172 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
31725948016979598931…74211800573801449281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.345 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
63451896033959197863…48423601147602898561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.269 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
12690379206791839572…96847202295205797121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.538 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
25380758413583679145…93694404590411594241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.076 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
50761516827167358291…87388809180823188481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.015 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
10152303365433471658…74777618361646376961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.030 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
20304606730866943316…49555236723292753921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,599,680 XPM·at block #6,794,454 · updates every 60s
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