Block #211,792

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/15/2013, 9:52:49 PM · Difficulty 9.9174 · 6,579,191 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
cdbd2766cfb8e857a976a8a7f924b07d05069815c5503227129c441b1f2e0328

Height

#211,792

Difficulty

9.917395

Transactions

10

Size

2.58 KB

Version

2

Bits

09eada6b

Nonce

76,393

Timestamp

10/15/2013, 9:52:49 PM

Confirmations

6,579,191

Merkle Root

d5858a49a077c08ae8a70461738b3edee390b81ecf252efdbdff54d944d2dc1f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.048 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
20480850238138053916…16949036789514188801
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.048 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
20480850238138053916…16949036789514188801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.096 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
40961700476276107833…33898073579028377601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.192 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
81923400952552215667…67796147158056755201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.638 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16384680190510443133…35592294316113510401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.276 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32769360381020886266…71184588632227020801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.553 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
65538720762041772533…42369177264454041601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.310 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13107744152408354506…84738354528908083201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.621 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
26215488304816709013…69476709057816166401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.243 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
52430976609633418026…38953418115632332801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,571,878 XPM·at block #6,790,982 · updates every 60s