Block #211,236

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/15/2013, 2:53:49 PM · Difficulty 9.9152 · 6,599,052 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
aa85c29faddb47dc506a700068c4932d728ba7cde024252ae33857df76dce48d

Height

#211,236

Difficulty

9.915164

Transactions

3

Size

1.50 KB

Version

2

Bits

09ea4828

Nonce

706,761

Timestamp

10/15/2013, 2:53:49 PM

Confirmations

6,599,052

Merkle Root

6f660ea462542f40ee1a77f8112a4951bf1f3ee21857ab9381c79094a16f1e3c
Transactions (3)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.349 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
43495518406071816431…63593288687794870481
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.349 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
43495518406071816431…63593288687794870481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
8.699 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
86991036812143632863…27186577375589740961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.739 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17398207362428726572…54373154751179481921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.479 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
34796414724857453145…08746309502358963841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
6.959 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
69592829449714906290…17492619004717927681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.391 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13918565889942981258…34985238009435855361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.783 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
27837131779885962516…69970476018871710721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.567 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
55674263559771925032…39940952037743421441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.113 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11134852711954385006…79881904075486842881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,726,379 XPM·at block #6,810,287 · updates every 60s
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