Block #208,514

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/14/2013, 1:09:41 AM · Difficulty 9.9069 · 6,597,176 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
7d0763731a7f5bc0d322812c4c240d045c3e551d78dda3720cf8d8ea4d47790c

Height

#208,514

Difficulty

9.906869

Transactions

3

Size

1.07 KB

Version

2

Bits

09e82891

Nonce

15,257

Timestamp

10/14/2013, 1:09:41 AM

Confirmations

6,597,176

Merkle Root

7f1314c32d1542d4ef2e01f033bbf4ba37dcbe8c875a7b86ced46a7016799837
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.357 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
53577466420542660271…16276268378161616641
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.357 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
53577466420542660271…16276268378161616641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.071 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10715493284108532054…32552536756323233281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.143 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21430986568217064108…65105073512646466561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.286 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
42861973136434128216…30210147025292933121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
8.572 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
85723946272868256433…60420294050585866241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.714 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
17144789254573651286…20840588101171732481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.428 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
34289578509147302573…41681176202343464961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.857 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
68579157018294605147…83362352404686929921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.371 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13715831403658921029…66724704809373859841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.743 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
27431662807317842058…33449409618747719681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,689,602 XPM·at block #6,805,689 · updates every 60s
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