Block #208,300

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/13/2013, 10:38:36 PM · Difficulty 9.9057 · 6,600,857 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
9132bf3440f3c8f32fb2196398d61be9a4434034b3912886fe7b4b59b95614e7

Height

#208,300

Difficulty

9.905685

Transactions

3

Size

1.27 KB

Version

2

Bits

09e7daf2

Nonce

12,840

Timestamp

10/13/2013, 10:38:36 PM

Confirmations

6,600,857

Merkle Root

e2d0d39164d7ff1e03fbb62a40b082936edd2a8bde16e0bc5928dc110322691b
Transactions (3)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.990 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
19900085163337696872…36419448512005924441
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.990 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
19900085163337696872…36419448512005924441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.980 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
39800170326675393744…72838897024011848881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.960 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
79600340653350787488…45677794048023697761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.592 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15920068130670157497…91355588096047395521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.184 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
31840136261340314995…82711176192094791041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.368 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
63680272522680629991…65422352384189582081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.273 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12736054504536125998…30844704768379164161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.547 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
25472109009072251996…61689409536758328321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.094 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
50944218018144503992…23378819073516656641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,717,317 XPM·at block #6,809,156 · updates every 60s
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