Block #208,296

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/13/2013, 10:35:42 PM · Difficulty 9.9057 · 6,608,051 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
d3f2a818835bff35c6629f1a58b206e18be8138e5ead1300a79cd12d955f2869

Height

#208,296

Difficulty

9.905666

Transactions

2

Size

1.19 KB

Version

2

Bits

09e7d9c1

Nonce

8,817

Timestamp

10/13/2013, 10:35:42 PM

Confirmations

6,608,051

Merkle Root

71f3c81eb5f5e83fc29c0eb21b8a6068e5e9d4b0deeb0e0344b8f979bbb933ab
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.686 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
26867852445286183813…74031984301381720321
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.686 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
26867852445286183813…74031984301381720321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.373 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
53735704890572367627…48063968602763440641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.074 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10747140978114473525…96127937205526881281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.149 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
21494281956228947051…92255874411053762561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.298 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
42988563912457894102…84511748822107525121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.597 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
85977127824915788204…69023497644215050241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.719 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
17195425564983157640…38046995288430100481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.439 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
34390851129966315281…76093990576860200961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.878 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
68781702259932630563…52187981153720401921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,774,900 XPM·at block #6,816,346 · updates every 60s
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