Block #205,571

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/12/2013, 6:04:15 AM · Difficulty 9.8999 · 6,612,106 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
c2b0dd65f6f8a6bfd522ecaf78c232dd6e134b23998c9750714717af05fe00a8

Height

#205,571

Difficulty

9.899920

Transactions

7

Size

2.06 KB

Version

2

Bits

09e66120

Nonce

400,967

Timestamp

10/12/2013, 6:04:15 AM

Confirmations

6,612,106

Merkle Root

9365523d5294f47613abe1993204a4ef9d537a87e76523f1822e0975a095ddee
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.255 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
52552802624994284821…85136073922736312241
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.255 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
52552802624994284821…85136073922736312241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.051 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
10510560524998856964…70272147845472624481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.102 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
21021121049997713928…40544295690945248961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.204 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
42042242099995427857…81088591381890497921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
8.408 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
84084484199990855715…62177182763780995841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.681 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
16816896839998171143…24354365527561991681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.363 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
33633793679996342286…48708731055123983361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.726 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
67267587359992684572…97417462110247966721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.345 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
13453517471998536914…94834924220495933441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,785,472 XPM·at block #6,817,676 · updates every 60s
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