Block #2,055,687

2CCLength 12★★★★☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/5/2017, 12:12:03 AM · Difficulty 10.8127 · 4,787,510 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
d17e71dd6dda3400820bca26af83c9252923062bb5629873c07f6cd48edb24ee

Height

#2,055,687

Difficulty

10.812672

Transactions

3

Size

1.18 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ad00b4e

Nonce

903,365,359

Timestamp

4/5/2017, 12:12:03 AM

Confirmations

4,787,510

Merkle Root

f6e6e89d089eb24ea730f43bab1a426a8c94e21bb0eeaa3a0f3b2dab127713a2
Transactions (3)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.869 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
78696842276928094309…90895562777482203911
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
7.869 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
78696842276928094309…90895562777482203911
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.573 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15739368455385618861…81791125554964407821
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.147 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
31478736910771237723…63582251109928815641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.295 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
62957473821542475447…27164502219857631281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.259 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12591494764308495089…54329004439715262561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.518 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
25182989528616990179…08658008879430525121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.036 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
50365979057233980358…17316017758861050241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.007 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10073195811446796071…34632035517722100481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.014 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
20146391622893592143…69264071035444200961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.029 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
40292783245787184286…38528142070888401921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
8.058 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
80585566491574368573…77056284141776803841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
12
2^11 × origin + 1
1.611 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
16117113298314873714…54112568283553607681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 12 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★★☆
Rarity
ExceptionalChain length 12

Around 1 in 10,000 blocks. A significant mathematical achievement.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,989,946 XPM·at block #6,843,196 · updates every 60s
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