Block #205,068

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/11/2013, 10:14:18 PM · Difficulty 9.8992 · 6,600,722 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
ae5a6d4ee2f5ee89ee77a4f319b3d758796e25d93be9b4f9ed3959358bc884ed

Height

#205,068

Difficulty

9.899154

Transactions

2

Size

2.12 KB

Version

2

Bits

09e62ef5

Nonce

213,175

Timestamp

10/11/2013, 10:14:18 PM

Confirmations

6,600,722

Merkle Root

9e048b487133a6823feffae1acee9bf7d8e1bbb30fc23e8e1278a27e3e2c512d
Transactions (2)
1 in → 1 out10.2200 XPM109 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.544 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
15446731049590802959…46383571687955217161
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.544 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
15446731049590802959…46383571687955217161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.089 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
30893462099181605918…92767143375910434321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.178 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
61786924198363211837…85534286751820868641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.235 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
12357384839672642367…71068573503641737281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.471 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
24714769679345284734…42137147007283474561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.942 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
49429539358690569469…84274294014566949121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
9.885 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
98859078717381138939…68548588029133898241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.977 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19771815743476227787…37097176058267796481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.954 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
39543631486952455575…74194352116535592961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,690,408 XPM·at block #6,805,789 · updates every 60s
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