Block #202,836

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/10/2013, 11:46:15 AM · Difficulty 9.8957 · 6,604,790 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
f0c822c0fe8601d8d46618fa0c01ad24ac0c2cba024c469e18e5835a93f6e26c

Height

#202,836

Difficulty

9.895665

Transactions

2

Size

575 B

Version

2

Bits

09e54a55

Nonce

12,610

Timestamp

10/10/2013, 11:46:15 AM

Confirmations

6,604,790

Merkle Root

d8a9063f0d344e214039938f7d832d63ed8acf671f642c56ff2520604065279f
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.196 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
11963996428393957142…78151534002161399681
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.196 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
11963996428393957142…78151534002161399681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.392 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
23927992856787914284…56303068004322799361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.785 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
47855985713575828569…12606136008645598721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
9.571 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
95711971427151657138…25212272017291197441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.914 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
19142394285430331427…50424544034582394881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.828 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
38284788570860662855…00849088069164789761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.656 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
76569577141721325711…01698176138329579521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.531 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
15313915428344265142…03396352276659159041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.062 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
30627830856688530284…06792704553318318081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,705,033 XPM·at block #6,807,625 · updates every 60s
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