Block #200,928

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/9/2013, 7:51:51 AM · Difficulty 9.8906 · 6,593,434 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
f283f3d57246ea70f020190ba9bb36fbbf723eb66345f1f1384986e3cd84193c

Height

#200,928

Difficulty

9.890640

Transactions

1

Size

4.37 KB

Version

2

Bits

09e400f4

Nonce

1,164,752,654

Timestamp

10/9/2013, 7:51:51 AM

Confirmations

6,593,434

Merkle Root

d16043c13769e5dc0a4457cbf78ea948f35df47acd39de18018d06efe571b70a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.020 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10209508004074531162…55976065165019232001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.020 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10209508004074531162…55976065165019232001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.041 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
20419016008149062324…11952130330038464001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.083 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
40838032016298124649…23904260660076928001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.167 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
81676064032596249298…47808521320153856001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.633 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16335212806519249859…95617042640307712001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.267 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32670425613038499719…91234085280615424001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.534 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
65340851226076999438…82468170561230848001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.306 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13068170245215399887…64936341122461696001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.613 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
26136340490430799775…29872682244923392001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,598,929 XPM·at block #6,794,361 · updates every 60s
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