Block #194,395

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/5/2013, 2:35:03 AM · Difficulty 9.8795 · 6,612,353 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
be656de543bf0cd9a4d9ebd8a9adc243bef7dd9dac62cf5f7b0ad4eeecd8502e

Height

#194,395

Difficulty

9.879496

Transactions

3

Size

1.21 KB

Version

2

Bits

09e126ab

Nonce

37,799

Timestamp

10/5/2013, 2:35:03 AM

Confirmations

6,612,353

Merkle Root

4adae079a67c33f7a8d4b95aa2127f2089e66ead2b3c3f4286aee5ebb0c8468e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.433 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
24334368266280779897…91000759250949256001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.433 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
24334368266280779897…91000759250949256001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.866 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
48668736532561559794…82001518501898512001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
9.733 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
97337473065123119588…64003037003797024001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.946 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
19467494613024623917…28006074007594048001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.893 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
38934989226049247835…56012148015188096001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.786 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
77869978452098495670…12024296030376192001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.557 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
15573995690419699134…24048592060752384001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.114 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
31147991380839398268…48097184121504768001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.229 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
62295982761678796536…96194368243009536001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,698,082 XPM·at block #6,806,747 · updates every 60s
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